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How to Develop a Python-Based Management System for a Car Rental Company

Learn how to program a Python-based car rental management system using text files to handle vehicles, customers, rentals, and transactions. Step-by-step guide included!

<p>Managing a car rental business involves tracking vehicles, customers, ongoing rentals, and transactions. This guide walks you through building a <strong>menu-based car rental management system in Python</strong>, leveraging text files for data storage and operations. The system includes features for renting cars, returning rentals, and calculating revenue.</p>
<hr>
<h3><strong><img src="https://files-storage-l.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/epic-essay/2oBBVcXMhZBtvYoWlH8cTFlcSluZ5AdyWUEgqDRL.png" width="324" height="120"></strong></h3>
<h3><strong>Core Files and Their Purpose</strong></h3>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong><code>vehicles.txt</code></strong>:</p>
<ul>
<li>Contains car details: registration plate, model, daily rate, and properties.</li>
<li><strong>Example</strong>:
<div class="contain-inline-size rounded-md border-[0.5px] border-token-border-medium relative bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary dark:bg-gray-950">
<div class="sticky top-9 md:top-[5.75rem]">
<div class="absolute bottom-0 right-2 flex h-9 items-center">
<div class="flex items-center rounded bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary px-2 font-sans text-xs text-token-text-secondary dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overflow-y-auto p-4" dir="ltr"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-mathematica"><span class="hljs-variable">AMG</span><span class="hljs-operator">-</span><span class="hljs-number">111</span><span class="hljs-operator">,</span><span class="hljs-variable">Toyota</span> <span class="hljs-variable">Yaris</span><span class="hljs-operator">,</span><span class="hljs-number">65</span><span class="hljs-operator">,</span><span class="hljs-variable">Air</span> <span class="hljs-variable">Conditioning</span><span class="hljs-operator">,</span><span class="hljs-variable">Hybrid</span><span class="hljs-operator">,</span><span class="hljs-built_in">Automatic</span> <span class="hljs-variable">Transmission</span>
</code></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><strong>Note</strong>: This file is read-only.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong><code>customers.txt</code></strong>:</p>
<ul>
<li>Stores customer details: birthdate (unique identifier), name, and email.</li>
<li><strong>Example</strong>:
<div class="contain-inline-size rounded-md border-[0.5px] border-token-border-medium relative bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary dark:bg-gray-950">
<div class="sticky top-9 md:top-[5.75rem]">
<div class="absolute bottom-0 right-2 flex h-9 items-center">
<div class="flex items-center rounded bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary px-2 font-sans text-xs text-token-text-secondary dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overflow-y-auto p-4" dir="ltr"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-css"><span class="hljs-number">09</span>/<span class="hljs-number">09</span>/<span class="hljs-number">1999</span>,Tom,Shark,Tom<span class="hljs-selector-class">.Shark</span><span class="hljs-keyword">@gmail</span>.com
</code></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><strong>Action</strong>: Append new customers when they rent for the first time.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong><code>rentedVehicles.txt</code></strong>:</p>
<ul>
<li>Tracks ongoing rentals: car plate, customer birthdate, and rental start time.</li>
<li><strong>Example</strong>:
<div class="contain-inline-size rounded-md border-[0.5px] border-token-border-medium relative bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary dark:bg-gray-950">
<div class="flex items-center text-token-text-secondary px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md h-9 bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary select-none"> </div>
<div class="sticky top-9 md:top-[5.75rem]">
<div class="absolute bottom-0 right-2 flex h-9 items-center">
<div class="flex items-center rounded bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary px-2 font-sans text-xs text-token-text-secondary dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overflow-y-auto p-4" dir="ltr"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs">CHF-337,22/02/1961,25/10/2024 12:33
</code></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><strong>Actions</strong>:
<ul>
<li>Append when a car is rented.</li>
<li>Remove when a car is returned.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong><code>transActions.txt</code></strong>:</p>
<ul>
<li>Records completed rentals: car plate, customer birthdate, rental times, duration, and price.</li>
<li><strong>Example</strong>:
<div class="contain-inline-size rounded-md border-[0.5px] border-token-border-medium relative bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary dark:bg-gray-950">
<div class="flex items-center text-token-text-secondary px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md h-9 bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary select-none"> </div>
<div class="sticky top-9 md:top-[5.75rem]">
<div class="absolute bottom-0 right-2 flex h-9 items-center">
<div class="flex items-center rounded bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary px-2 font-sans text-xs text-token-text-secondary dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overflow-y-auto p-4" dir="ltr"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs">BMC-69,17/04/1997,15/10/2024 14:01,19/10/2024 22:20,5,210.00
</code></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><strong>Action</strong>: Append each completed transaction.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<hr>
<h3><strong>Step-by-Step System Features</strong></h3>
<h4><strong>1. Menu System</strong></h4>
<p>The program begins with a user-friendly menu offering the following options:</p>
<ul>
<li>List available cars.</li>
<li>Rent a car (new or returning customer).</li>
<li>Return a car.</li>
<li>Count the total revenue.</li>
<li>Exit.</li>
</ul>
<div class="contain-inline-size rounded-md border-[0.5px] border-token-border-medium relative bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary dark:bg-gray-950">
<div class="sticky top-9 md:top-[5.75rem]">
<div class="absolute bottom-0 right-2 flex h-9 items-center">
<div class="flex items-center rounded bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary px-2 font-sans text-xs text-token-text-secondary dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overflow-y-auto p-4" dir="ltr"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-python"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">main_menu</span>():
    <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Welcome to the Car Rental Management System"</span>)
    <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"1. List Available Cars"</span>)
    <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"2. Rent a Car"</span>)
    <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"3. Return a Car"</span>)
    <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"4. Count Total Revenue"</span>)
    <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"5. Exit"</span>)
</code></div>
</div>
<hr>
<h4><strong>2. Listing Available Cars</strong></h4>
<p>Display cars from <code>vehicles.txt</code> that are not currently rented (not listed in <code>rentedVehicles.txt</code>).</p>
<p><strong>Logic</strong>:</p>
<ul>
<li>Read <code>vehicles.txt</code> for all cars.</li>
<li>Cross-check with <code>rentedVehicles.txt</code> to exclude rented cars.</li>
</ul>
<div class="contain-inline-size rounded-md border-[0.5px] border-token-border-medium relative bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary dark:bg-gray-950">
<div class="sticky top-9 md:top-[5.75rem]">
<div class="absolute bottom-0 right-2 flex h-9 items-center">
<div class="flex items-center rounded bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary px-2 font-sans text-xs text-token-text-secondary dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overflow-y-auto p-4" dir="ltr"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-python"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">list_available_cars</span>():
    <span class="hljs-keyword">with</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">open</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'vehicles.txt'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'r'</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> vehicles:
        cars = vehicles.readlines()
    <span class="hljs-keyword">with</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">open</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'rentedVehicles.txt'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'r'</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> rented:
        rented_cars = [line.split(<span class="hljs-string">','</span>)[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> line <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> rented.readlines()]
    available_cars = [car <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> car <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> cars <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> car.split(<span class="hljs-string">','</span>)[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] <span class="hljs-keyword">not</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> rented_cars]
    <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Available Cars:"</span>)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> car <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> available_cars:
        <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(car.strip())
</code></div>
</div>
<hr>
<h4><strong>3. Renting a Car</strong></h4>
<p>Allow customers to rent a car, adding their details if they are new.</p>
<p><strong>Logic</strong>:</p>
<ul>
<li>Check if the car is available.</li>
<li>For new customers, append details to <code>customers.txt</code>.</li>
<li>Record rental in <code>rentedVehicles.txt</code>.</li>
</ul>
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<div class="sticky top-9 md:top-[5.75rem]">
<div class="absolute bottom-0 right-2 flex h-9 items-center">
<div class="flex items-center rounded bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary px-2 font-sans text-xs text-token-text-secondary dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overflow-y-auto p-4" dir="ltr"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-python"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">rent_car</span>():
    car_plate = <span class="hljs-built_in">input</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Enter the car's registration plate: "</span>)
    customer_birthdate = <span class="hljs-built_in">input</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Enter your birthdate (DD/MM/YYYY): "</span>)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">with</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">open</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'rentedVehicles.txt'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'r'</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> rented:
        rented_cars = [line.split(<span class="hljs-string">','</span>)[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> line <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> rented.readlines()]
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> car_plate <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> rented_cars:
        <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Car is already rented."</span>)
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">with</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">open</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'customers.txt'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'r'</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> customers:
        existing_customers = [line.split(<span class="hljs-string">','</span>)[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> line <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> customers.readlines()]
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> customer_birthdate <span class="hljs-keyword">not</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> existing_customers:
        first_name = <span class="hljs-built_in">input</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Enter your first name: "</span>)
        last_name = <span class="hljs-built_in">input</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Enter your last name: "</span>)
        email = <span class="hljs-built_in">input</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Enter your email: "</span>)
        <span class="hljs-keyword">with</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">open</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'customers.txt'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'a'</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> customers:
            customers.write(<span class="hljs-string">f"<span class="hljs-subst">{customer_birthdate}</span>,<span class="hljs-subst">{first_name}</span>,<span class="hljs-subst">{last_name}</span>,<span class="hljs-subst">{email}</span>\n"</span>)
    rental_time = <span class="hljs-built_in">input</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Enter rental start time (DD/MM/YYYY HH:MM): "</span>)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">with</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">open</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'rentedVehicles.txt'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'a'</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> rented:
        rented.write(<span class="hljs-string">f"<span class="hljs-subst">{car_plate}</span>,<span class="hljs-subst">{customer_birthdate}</span>,<span class="hljs-subst">{rental_time}</span>\n"</span>)
    <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Car successfully rented!"</span>)
</code></div>
</div>
<hr>
<h4><strong>4. Returning a Car</strong></h4>
<p>Calculate rental duration and price, update <code>transActions.txt</code>, and remove from <code>rentedVehicles.txt</code>.</p>
<p><strong>Logic</strong>:</p>
<ul>
<li>Use <code>rentedVehicles.txt</code> to find rental details.</li>
<li>Compute duration and price.</li>
<li>Append to <code>transActions.txt</code>.</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h4><strong>5. Counting Revenue</strong></h4>
<p>Read <code>transActions.txt</code> and sum the total revenue.</p>
<div class="contain-inline-size rounded-md border-[0.5px] border-token-border-medium relative bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary dark:bg-gray-950">
<div class="sticky top-9 md:top-[5.75rem]">
<div class="absolute bottom-0 right-2 flex h-9 items-center">
<div class="flex items-center rounded bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary px-2 font-sans text-xs text-token-text-secondary dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overflow-y-auto p-4" dir="ltr"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-python"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">count_total_revenue</span>():
    total_revenue = <span class="hljs-number">0</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">with</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">open</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'transActions.txt'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'r'</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> transactions:
        <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> line <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> transactions:
            total_revenue += <span class="hljs-built_in">float</span>(line.split(<span class="hljs-string">','</span>)[-<span class="hljs-number">1</span>])
    <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">f"Total Revenue: $<span class="hljs-subst">{total_revenue:<span class="hljs-number">.2</span>f}</span>"</span>)
</code></div>
</div>
<hr>
<h3><strong>Conclusion</strong></h3>
<p>This project combines <strong>file handling</strong> with Python programming to create a robust car rental management system. From tracking vehicles to managing customers and rentals, this system is a practical tool for small businesses.</p>
<p>If you're working on a similar project, feel free to adapt this guide to your needs. Need help with implementation? Reach out for expert support!</p>

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How to Develop a Python-Based Management System for a Car Rental Company

Learn how to program a Python-based car rental management system using text files to handle vehicles, customers, rentals, and transactions. Step-by-step guide included!

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